Please answer the following five essay questions. I will be expecting very detail answers and one page per answer. All should include referencing.
1. Explain the doctrine of the four causes. Give an example of some object and explain each of the four causes of the object you give. Why is Aristotle’s view of the natural worldview teleological? What is the telos of an “apple” tree (or of natural objects generally)?
2. Aristotle is credited with being a quote more “worldly” philosopher as compared with Plato. For instance, Aristotle denies that there are two realms, as Plato had maintained, insisting instead that world we experience is the only world that exists. Explain this difference in between Plato and Aristotle. Nevertheless, Aristotle believed forms were real just as Plato did. Where/ how did forms exist according to Aristotle and how is this view different from that of Plato
3. Why does Rene Descartes claim that his mind and body are distinct entities and that he is “essentially” a mind, but not essentially a body? In your answer you should mention the principle of “The Indiscernibility of Identicals.”
4. Explain John Locke’s “Causal Theory of Perception.” In your explanation be certain to explain the following concepts: Simple and Complex Ideas, Primary and Secondary Properties, Tabula Rasa, and Physical Substance. This is essentially a passive recipient account of experience. Explain what is meant by this.
5. Explain David Hume’s “problem of induction.” In your answer be certain to cover the related notions of “The Principle of Induction,” “Hume’s Fork of Justification” and the “Traditional Account of Knowledge.”
Use these links to answer the questions:
http://faculty.fiu.edu/~harrisk/Notes/Epistemology%20and%20Metaphysics/Plato%20Metaphysics%20and%20Epistemology.htm
http://classics.mit.edu/Plato/meno.html
http://faculty.fiu.edu/~harrisk/Notes/Epistemology%20and%20Metaphysics/Aristotle’s%20Metaphysics%20and%20Epistemology.htm
http://faculty.washington.edu/smcohen/433/arintro.htm
http://faculty.fiu.edu/~harrisk/Notes/Epistemology%20and%20Metaphysics/Descartes’%20Metaphysics%20and%20Epistemology.htm
http://faculty.fiu.edu/~harrisk/Notes/Epistemology%20and%20Metaphysics/Locke’s%20Epistemology.html
http://faculty.fiu.edu/~harrisk/Notes/Epistemology%20and%20Metaphysics/Berkeley’s%20Epistemology.html
http://faculty.fiu.edu/~harrisk/Notes/Epistemology%20and%20Metaphysics/David%20Hume%20Problem%20of%20Induction.htm
http://faculty.fiu.edu/~harrisk/Notes/Epistemology%20and%20Metaphysics/Kant’s%20Epistemology%20and%20Metaphysics.htm
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