A person with normal color vision is referred to as a:a. trichromat.b. dichromat.c. bichromat.d.monochromat.The coiled, snail-like tube in the inner ear that is filled with fluid is called the:a. cochlea.b. cornea.c. organ of Corti.d.stirrup.When a nerve impulse is sent to the brain from the ear, that impulse originates from:a. the eardrum.b. the hair cells on the organ of Corti.c. the oval window.d.the basilar membrane.Pheromones are most relevant to which sense?a. visionb. touchc. tasted.smellWhich of the following examples best illustrates the process of perception?a. recognizing the voice of your best friendb. detecting a faint sound during a hearing testc. a sensory neuron in the eye responds to a light hitting itd.a drop of sugar hitting the taste buds on your tongueTactile information regarding pressure, pain, and warmth are sent to and processed in the:a. motor cortex.b. frontal lobe.c. somatosensory cortex.d.occipital lobe.Imagine you are dribbling a basketball. Neural messages provided by your muscles, tendons, and joints give your brain feedback about the movements you are making in order to allow you to continue bouncing the ball. This feedback is an example of your:a. vestibular sense.b. olfactory sense.c. kinesthetic sense.d.gustatory sense.
The depth perception cues that require the use of only one eye are called:a. convergence cues.b. singular cues.c. monocular cues.d.binocular cues.Visual illusions are primarily of interest to researchers studying perception because they:a. provide valuable information on sensory adaptation.b. provide information about how key photopigments in the retina function.c. provide important information about how perceptual processes work under normal conditions.d.represent instances in which the dual-process theory of vision fails.One study found that when presented with a picture of a group of people in a house, North American and European participants perceived an object as being a window behind a woman, while East Africans interpreted the same object as a box or basket on top of the woman’s head. This study best illustrates:a.the effect of cultural experiences on picture perception.b. the effect of biology on sensation.c. the Gestalt law of continuity.d.a conflict between shape constancy and size constancy.Joey has no trouble seeing when he’s reading books and working on his computer, but he has a fair amount of difficulty seeing things in the distance. Joey most likely suffers from:a. farsightedness.b. color blindness.c. myopia.d.hyperopia.In the eye, ________ are the color receptors and function best in bright illumination.a. pinsb. rodsc. conesd.barsThe process in which the qualities of a sensory stimulus are converted into nerve impulses is specifically called:a. perception.b. transduction.c. conversion.d.sensory adaptation.
All of the following are cone sensitivity color pairs predicted by the opponent-process theory of color EXCEPT:a. red-green.b. yellow-blue.c. yellow-green.d.black-white.Frequency determines the _____________ of a sound, while amplitude determines the _____________ of a sound.a. loudness; pitchb. loudness; decibelsc. pitch; loudnessd.hertz; pitchStudies examining newborn infants’ visual preferences suggest that an infant would be most interested in which of the following?a. a white circleb. a black circlec. a circle with a simple pattern inside of it.d.a circle with a complex pattern inside of it.Jean Piaget used the term __________ to refer to organized patterns of thought and action that guide children’s interactions with the world.a. normb. schemac. reflexd.mental representationSusan is a young child and she happens to know that fish swim. One day at the zoo, Susan sees a penguin swimming in a pool. Susan turns to her mother and says, “Look, the black-and-white fish is swimming!” The fact that Susan calls the penguin a fish best illustrates:a. conservation.b. the process of assimilation.c. egocentric thinking.d.a failure to understand object permanence.Which of the following is most strongly associated with Jean Piaget’s sensorimotor stage of cognitive development?a. object permanenceb. conservationc. egocentricismd.animismA child who has developed object permanence but does not yet fully grasp the idea of conservation is most likely in Jean Piaget’s ____________ stage.a. formal operationalb. sensorimotorc. concrete operationald.preoperationalWhich of the following placements of a hypothetical third eye would be most characteristic of a child in the concrete operational stage?a. between her other two eyesb. on her handc. on the back of her headd.on top of her headThe concept “theory of mind” is most closely related to which of the following constructs?a. egocentrismb. zone of proximal developmentc. object permanenced.conservationThe text defines _____________ as a biologically based predisposition to react to the environment in specific behavioral and emotional ways.a. temperamentb. egocentrismc. a zone of proximal developmentd.conservationIn his research with monkeys, Harry Harlow found results suggesting that the process of animal attachment is facilitated by:a. the first object that moves after a monkey is born.b. receiving nutrition from the mother.c. receiving social reinforcement from both parents.d.body contact with a comforting object.Which of the following lists John Bowlby’s phases of attachment behaviors in the proper order, from earliest to latest?a. indiscriminate, discriminate, and specificb. indiscriminate, specific, and discriminatec. discriminate, indiscriminate, and specificspecific, indiscriminant, and discriminateWhich of the following statements concerning attachment is TRUE?a. Stranger anxiety and separation anxiety occur at approximately the same time, when the child is about 6 or 7 months old.b. Stranger anxiety and separation anxiety occur at approximately the same time, when the child is between 12 and 16 months old.c. Stranger anxiety develops around the age of 6 or 7 months, whereas separation anxiety develops somewhere between the ages of 12 and 16 months.d.Separation anxiety develops around the age of 6 or 7 months, whereas stranger anxiety develops somewhere between the ages of 12 and 16 months.
The “strange situation” is most strongly associated with which of the following?a. temperamentb. moral developmentc. attachmentd.egocentrismWhen placed in the strange situation, Eric shows no distress at all when his mother leaves the room, and by the same token, he isn’t very excited when she returns. Overall, he doesn’t appear to be very attached to his mother, but he doesn’t resist when she picks him up to give him a kiss. Eric would most likely be classified by Mary Ainsworth as:a. anxious-avoidant.b. securely attached.c. anxious-resistant.d.resistant-avoidant.Which of Jean Piaget’s stages of cognitive development is obtained during adolescence?a.
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