Nosocomial Infections in ICU
Abstract
Nosocomial
infections are some of the hospital-acquired infections that affect
postoperative patients in the ICU. Nosocomial infections are the cause of thirty
percent of the deaths that occur in the ICU.
Purpose:
The purpose of the paper is to examine the cause and the prevention mechanism
for Nosocomial infections among postoperative patients in the intensive care
unit (ICU).
Design and Methods:
The study will use a sample of two hundred patients who are in ICU undergoing
treatment after a surgical procedure. Only patients diagnosed with the
postoperative sepsis will be included in
the study. The research will take place for a period of three months to ensure
the validity of the results. The research will make use of both questionnaires
and observation to collect the required data.
Plan:
the plan will entail a treatment and a physical layout process. Nurses will use
specific antibiotics for patients who have undergone surgical procedures to
avoid wrong prescription. Additionally, the plan involves creating enough room
at the ICU to avoid infections.
Implementation and
Evaluation: After diagnosis, nurses will employ safety
mechanisms, such as providing the right antibiotics to patients and the
provision of enough space in the ICU.
Analysis and evaluation:
the evaluation process includes the observation of the rate of infection and
the cost of care after the intervention.
Keywords:
ICU, Nosocomial, postoperative patients
Nosocomial Infections in ICU
Literature
Review
Nosocomial infections are some of
the hospital-acquired infections that affect postoperative patients in the ICU.
Research indicates that Nosocomial infections are the cause thirty percent of
the deaths that occur in the ICU. For instance, people undergoing heart surgery
are more susceptible to the condition because they have to spend a lot of time
under intubation. The condition is rather prevalent in developing nations
because of staffing problems and economic
instability that hospitals in such nations face (Ahmed, 2012).
The infection occurs in two stances,
either at the onset of the treatment or during post-treatment
care. According to previous research, the major risk factors for Nosocomial infection among postoperative
patients are the duration of the intubation
period, and the rate of readmission (Ahmed, 2012). Additionally, diseases such
as diabetes increase the risk of Nosocomial infections. As such, different
hospitals employ varied approaches to the prevention,
and the treatment of the conditions depending on the risk factors involved
(Lola & Petrou, 2011).
Design
and Method
The researcher will use a sample of
two hundred patients who have undergone various types of surgeries to determine
the causes and the levels of infection. The researcher will collect wound swabs
from the selected patients, which will undergo various microbiological testing.
The swabs will be collected before the wounds are redressed to avoid
interfering with the results (Ahmed, 2012).
Proposed
Plan
The intervention plan will entail
nurses using specific antibiotics to treat different infections while ensuring
enough spacing between patient beds. Nurses will diagnose each case differently
to avoid poor antibiotic selection. All patients in the ICU who have undergone
any surgical procedure will be diagnosed for Nosocomial infection. The hospital
will ensure that patients in ICU have enough space from one another to prevent
the spread of the infection (Lola & Petrou, 2011).
Implementation
and the Evaluation of the Practice
To implement the plan, the hospital will
collaborate with home care services to prevent overcrowding in the ICU.
Additionally, the nurses will work together with different professionals in the
hospital to ensure that patients are given the right antibiotics after surgery.To evaluate the plan, the researcher
will consider the cost of care and the rate of infection after the
intervention.
References
Ahmed,
M. (2012). Prevalence of Nosocomial wound infection among postoperative patients
and antibiotics patterns at teaching hospital in Sudan. N Am J Med Sci, 4 (1),
29-34.
Lola,
I. & Petrou, A. (2011). Are there independent predisposing factors for
postoperative infections following open-heart surgery? Journal of cardiothoracic surgery, 6 (1), 151.
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