Assessment 2• In 3000 words:• Critically discuss the roles of the leader in facilitating any changeprocess or performance improvement strategy in a workplace• The role of the leader should be discussed in relation to a healthrelated workplace and more generally examine the components ofsustainable change and the roles of the leader in facilitatingchange (with application examples), that have been covered in thisunit.• Use of relevant literature is expected, including some referencesfrom each of the three modules, as well as• literature specific to the change the analysis and critical discussion• Use references from the three module readings (and any otherrelevant support literatureInterpreting the essay questionAssessment 2,Critically discuss the roles of the leader in facilitating any change process orperformance improvement strategy in a workplaceThis question requires you to discuss health-related examples of change orperformance improvement (PI) utilising change theory and leadership theory• the role of the leader in a change process or performance improvementstrategy• the leadership style(s) that can facilitate sustainable change outcomes (theseare changes that succeed and are maintained)• the steps required (and the relevant change theory support) to implement thischange• the impact of workplace culture• the barriers and facilitators to implementing change and the management ofthese barriers and how a leader might anticipate and manage these• the importance of benchmarking best practice related to change/PI• strategies for motivating and engaging the stakeholders/staff in thechange/performance improvement at all stagesAssessment 2The role of the leader should be discussed in relation to a health-related workplace andmore generally examine the components of sustainable change and the roles of the leaderin facilitating change (with application examples of concepts that have been covered in thisunit).• the role of the leader in change processes• workplace culture and its relevance to workplace change (and the way in which a leadercan influence this culture)• the importance of consideration of an organisation’s vision, mission and strategic goalswhen considering workplace change (you may not know the specific mission, vision andgoals (MVG) but it is important that any change is congruent with the MVG or it is unlikelythat the change will be sustainable.• analysis of a change theory and its importance in the planning and implementation of anychange.• the barriers and facilitators to the success of this change and how the leader can managethese.• the role of the leader in building and maintaining the team, their motivation and theworkplace culture• consideration of the way in which the development of a learning organisation mightfacilitate a culture of commitment and problem solving and the advantage in relation tocapacity building at individual, group and organisation levelInterpretation of the essay questionChange theory needs to be applied to examples of organisational change or aperformance improvement strategy (this does not have to be one change butyou could give examples from a range of change /PI strategies).You must discuss the role of leadership and discuss the reason for the use ofat least one change theory in supporting change/PI strategies:e.g. Leadership is required in order to guide the work team towards thevision and mission of any organisation and is particularly important increating a workplace that is flexible and able identify the need for changeand work through a change strategyYou must explain the importance of using a change theory in relation toguiding the process of change.e.g. Strong leadership challenges people’s vision of the future, and buildscapacity through the development of a positive work culture and thecollaboration and flexibility required to work through change processesInterpreting the essay question• Remember the context of this unit is thebuilding of capacity at personal, group andorganisational level. It should be possible toapply this to the change or PI you arediscussing.Prepare a brief essay plan before writingthe essay to guide your thoughtsSample essay plan using block structure:Introduction• Introductory sentence – about the importance of leadership andcapacity building in the workplace• Background information – positive aspects of visionary leaders andthe need for identifying the need for change• Thesis statement regarding the relationship between leadershipand sustainable change• Aim –Outline – leadership theory/styles and roles, changetheories, the change(s) or PI’s and the reason for the change/PIstrategy, to the individual, the organisation and the individual, bestpractice, learning organisations, flexible organisational cultures,Structure of the EssayThe essay should contain:• An introduction and a thesis statement• The body (main paragraphs with theargument/discussion)• A conclusionPlease do not include headings in the essay.Use them for your drafts but remove them forthe final submissionThe Introduction• This should contain all of the following:• An opening sentence that introduces topic• Relevant background information related totopic• A thesis statement• An outline of main ideas covered in the bodyThe Opening SentenceShould :• Be concise• raise interest in the topic• not include reasons or examples• not include an in-text citation (unless a directquote but this should be rarely used).Background InformationSet the topic in context by providing somebackground information which could include:• Reasons for significance of topic/issue• Potential effects of the issue• Examples of use in healthcareEnsure that both the information included and thereference are relevant to the essay topic.The Thesis StatementA thesis statement should appear towards the end of the introduction and is:A broad, formally written statementYour point of view on a particular topic without the “I”(first person is not used in formal essays)E.g.: I think, Performance improvement helps to build capacity in an organisation by enablingpeople to achieve the goals of the organisation by assessing and benchmarking theirpractice/skills against best practice standards .ORLeadership is a key component of any change strategy as a leader can build organisationalcapacity by motivating and inspiring the people in the workplace to work towards achieving thevision they share and best practice outcomes.A thesis statement could stress a particular fact e.g.:It is generally acknowledged/considered/recognised that leadership inspires change in healthcare settings in order to optimise the quality of care provided.Effective leadership in health organisations contributes to the growth of an organisation byidentifying the need for and implementing change.Note: A thesis statement is your personal response to a particular question or a quote. Do notuse a direct quote or reference your thesis.Sample introductionChange in health care is best facilitated by effective leadership.Visionary leaders possess the capacity to problem solve, makecollaborative decisions, implement evidence based changes, identifythe need for new knowledge and skills, build teams and facilitatepositive workplace cultures. Reduction in the incidence of clinicalerrors and risks to patient safety could be attributed to effectiveleadership and transformational leadership plays a pivotal role inarticulating and actioning visionary change in health care settings.The aim of this essay is to explore theories of leadership and changeas they apply to several health related changes(or performanceimprovement strategies). The role of leadership, change theoriesand their relationship to capacity building within the organisationwill be analysed as they apply to the particular changesThe Essay Outline (in the introduction)Provides a map of main ideas to be discussed inbody paragraphsGenerally it is the last sentence of theintroductionThere should be no unexpected discussion inessay writing. The main ideas which arepreviewed in the introduction are expanded onin body paragraphs in the same sequence asthey appear in the outline.Aim of essayThe aim is a brief sentence that clearly outlines thepurpose of the essay. For example: The aim of thisessay is to:• discuss the principles of effective leadership andchange theory to a change (or performanceimprovement) strategy that has been implemented (orplanned) in a health care workplace (you can usepublished case studies of change or discuss this inrelation to a workplace change you have experienced).Aim (continued)• Consider the implications for workforce developmentand the ways in which organisational culture mayenhance or hinder the capacity to achieve sustainablechange outcomes in a performance improvement (e.g.related to the reduction of post operative woundinfections).• Consider the role of the leader in developingworkplaces that are able to identify the need for bestpractice and facilitate the development of sharedvision in planning and implementing change (asapplied to the performance improvement (PI) or thechange management strategy you are discussing).Writing The Essay OutlineUse an active or passive sentence to write the outline Active sentence construction examplee.g. This essay begins by focusing on the need for change and thenecessity of adhering to a change plan. It then critically discussesthe role of leadership in health care change (or performanceimprovement strategy) and explains the processes required whenfacilitating change strategies/programs in workplaces. Further, theleadership role and change theory is discussed in relation to twoocase studies from the literature (or a workplace change orperformance improvement strategy)Essay outlinePassive sentence construction exampleThe relationship between leadership and its role inidentifying the need for change will be examined.Theories of leadership and change will also be analysedin relation to a particular change or performanceimprovement (PI) strategy (be specific about thechange/PI plan(s) you are discussing. e.g. thecompliance with best practice standards in handhygiene in a clinical area) will illustrate the applicationof these theories.Body ParagraphsEach body paragraph focuses on ONE main aspectIt consists of:A topic sentence that introduces the main idea (noin-text citation is required).Supporting sentences (facts/examples/statisticsthat elaborate on the main idea; insert in-textcitations for every new piece of information).A concluding sentence that summarises theconcepts discussed in the paragraph (no in-textcitation is required as there should be no newinformation).Body ParagraphTopic sentence – e.g. Transformational leadership builds teams andflexibility within those teams so that individuals and theorganisation can build capacity to achieve their goals.Supporting sentences – definition of transformationalleadership• Strengths of transformational leadership as it applies tosuccessful change outcomes• Apply this to the particular change or PI• Concluding sentence – It is evident that transformationalleadership is critical to the change process• Continue planning for the rest of the body paragraphsThe conclusionSummarises the main ideas covered in the bodyparagraphs byreading the body paragraphs and identifying one ortwo key ideas from each body paragraph. You willneed to paraphrase them and insert them into yourconclusion. This becomes your summary.Restate the thesis statementNote: Do not include new information.No in-text citations are required as you will havealready have provided references in the main part ofthe essay.Conclusion (Sample)This essay has explored the relationshipbetween the leader and the flexibility of theworkplace with the theories of change as theyrelate to a particular change (or PI). Nowsummarise main ideas from each bodyparagraph. Effective leadership ensuresvisionary change, optimum capacity buildingoutcomes and a motivated and flexibleworkforceLanguage features• Use formal, objective language• Do not use exaggerated language• Explain clearly and do not use obscure words or expressions• Use a range of tenses• Use a variety of sentences – simple, compound and complex(more compound and complex sentences used)• Use reporting verbs – to objectively paraphrase other writers’viewpoints e.g: Marquis and Huston (2017) state / indicate /claim / suggest / assert etc.• Make sure you reference everything correctly (see the APAstyle guide on the vUWS site).• Ask for help if you need it
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