Posted on by Judy

Control charts are a graphical way to visually determine whether or not your process is operating within the desired specifications or tolerances. Only when you establish upper and lower control limits for R-chart will enable you to confirm whether or not your process is in control. List the steps on how to calculate the upper and lower control limits for a process.

Following steps are to be followed for calculating Upper and Lower Control Limits of a given process:
Take multiple samples of fixed sample size at regular interval of a process. ( Example : Take 100 samples of fixed sample size of 5 at regular interval )
Find out value of Range for each sample. Value of Range of a sample = ( Highest value – Lowest value ) in the sample ( Example : If a sample of sample size has 5 data namely 100, 101, 103, 105 and 107 , then range of the sample = 107 – 100 = 7 )
Find out average Range value( Rbar ) for all samples. This will be done by adding values of Range of each samples and dividing it by number of samples.( Example : If all the value of Range add up to 500 for 100 samples, Rbar = 500/100 = 5 )
Find out the value of constants namely D4 and D3 from Standard Table for Xbar chart and Range chart.
( Example , for a sample size of n = 5, the standard table for Xbar and Range chart provides D4 = 2.114 and D3 = 0)
Determine the Control limits as per following formula :
Upper Control Limit = D4. Rbar
Lower Control Limit = D3.Rbar
( Example : Control Limits for Rbar = 5 and n = 5 will be :
Upper Control Limit = D4.Rbar = 2.114 x 5 = 10.57
Lower Control Limit = D3.Rbar = 0 ( since D3 = 0)
 
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