Earth’s Energy Budget
Directions: Watch the following 10-minute video on the Earth-Atmosphere energy budget. Use the video to answer these questions below. You will have to do some percentage calculations on your own that the video does not mention. Please double-space your work. Remember to demonstrate your proper writing skills and answer questions using complete sentences.
3.2 Ins and Outs of Earth’s Energy Budget
PART 1
1. When talking about Earth’s Energy Budget and its balance what are the units that are used for each process? (2 points)
2. Approximately, how much energy does 1 square meter of the sun’s atmosphere emit outward toward Earth (way before that energy travels through space to reach Earth)? (2 points)
3. On average, how much of that solar radiation traveling toward the Earth, is energy that reaches 1 square meter at the top of Earth’s atmosphere (TOA)? (2 points)
4. In general, once solar radiation reaches our atmosphere it has essentially 3 fates (there are 3 things that could happen to that energy). What are they? (3 points)
5. What percentage of the incoming solar radiation (341.3 W/m2) gets reflected directly back to space by the atmosphere alone? Show your work and write your answer in a complete sentence. (2 points)
6. What 2 things in the atmosphere cause this reflection? (2 points)
7. What percentage of the incoming solar radiation gets absorbed by the atmosphere? (2 points)
8. What gas absorbs a lot of the shortwave radiation from the sun in the stratosphere before making its way to the surface? (1 point)
9. What type of particle in the atmosphere has the capability of absorbing solar radiation? (1 point)
10. What percentage of solar radiation makes its way through to the surface of Earth (before being absorbed or reflected)? (2 points)
11. What percentage of the solar radiation that makes its way to the surface reflects back out to space? (2 points)
12. What 2 surfaces on Earth does the video mention are good at reflecting solar radiation? ( 2 points)
13. What is the percentage of the incoming solar radiation that gets directly absorbed into Earth’s surface? (2 points)
14. What is the percentage of the incoming solar radiation from the top of the atmosphere the gets reflected right back out into space (both from the atmosphere and the surface of Earth)? What percentage stays in the Earth/Atmosphere? ( 3 points)
15. What would happen to Earth’s surface temperature or the atmosphere if it continuously absorbed 239 W/m2 ? (1 points)
16. Why does the answer to 15 not happen to a dramatic extent though? (1 point)
17. What percentage of the longwave IR radiation that gets emitted back out (via longwave thermal IR energy) to space (from Earth’s surface) gets absorbed by the atmosphere? What in the atmosphere is doing that absorption? (3 points)
18. What is the main point that the narrator makes about the role of greenhouse gases in our atmosphere? (2 points)
19. Show your work and describe, based on the specific numbers (to the nearest 0.1 W/m2) that the video provides, if these quantities show if there is a balance in the overall Earth/Atmosphere system at the top of earth’s atmosphere. Is there an actual balance? If there is not a balance, what is that number and how much energy is staying within the Earth/Atmosphere system or how much is leaving? (5 points)
PART 2
Do a general or quick research on the famous Swedish scientist, Svante Arrhenius. Specifically, look for his ideas and theories on carbon dioxide (‘carbonic acid at the time’). Do you agree or disagree with his thoughts of a warmer world?
Please cite your source.
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