Module #3 – (chapters 9,10,11,12,13) Due June 21st REVISED 5/15/20
Chapter 9 Assignment – Worksheet + chapter reflection + current event
1. Define modern environmentalism.
2. What must almost every new construction project in the U.S. include?
3. List three common spaces.
4. What agency is responsible for the regulation of pesticides in the U.S.?
5. The Earth is made up of what percentage of water and what percentage is fresh water?
6. Where is most fresh water located?
7. What gas is the cause of global warming?
8. Define greenhouse effect.
9. What was developed in an attempt to standardize air pollution reporting?
10. What was PSI renamed in 2000 by the EPA?
11. Define acid rain.
12. In what countries is acid rain a serious environmental problem?
13. List five indoor air pollutants.
14. Define Tropical Forest.
15. List three major potential costs of tropical deforestation as discussed by scientific and technical literature.
16. Define evapotranspiration.
17. What is the result of razing the tropical forests under the guise of farming or ranching?
18. What can replace subsistence farming as a source of income for dwellers of the rain forest?
19. What is the common name for the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act and what is its purpose?
20. Define environmental release.
Chapter 9 Answers – select the letter of the correct answer and include it and the question number in the assignment you submit
A. It is a serious environmental problem in Canada, Scandinavia, Japan, and Northeastern United States. B. Superfund, and was enacted to provide cleanup at sites where hazardous wastes had been
abandoned or previous hazardous waste disposal procedures had already contaminated the
environment.
C. The soil is thin in tropical forests and when the trees are removed the soil can wash away.
D. Severe changes in global weather patterns, loss of cultural and biotic diversity, and desertification of the forest lands.
E. Forests in humid, semiarid, and arid regions of the world. Forests ranging from moist (or closed) tropical forests to dry (or open) woodlands are generally included.
F. CO2
G. It is energy from the Sun heating the Earth’s surface. The surface then radiates the heat back in to space, but some of the heat is trapped in our atmosphere and warms the planet.
H. It is the accidental or deliberate release of a contained substance into the natural ecosystem (air, land, or water).
I. “Pollutant Standards Index (PSI).”
J. 71 percent water with only 3 percent of it as fresh water.
K. Eco-tourism
L. As ice and snow at the two poles.
M. Air Quality Index (AQI).
N. A term used to describe an information-based perspective supporting the need for harmony between industrial objectives and environmental goals.
O. It is a serious environmental problem resulting from the presence of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere. When these compounds react with moisture they form dilute sulfuric and nitric acids, which are then carried back to Earth.
P. EPA
Q. It must include an environmental impact analysis.
R. The open ocean outside territorial sea limits of a country, the extraterrestrial space surrounding Earth, and the continent of Antarctica.
S. Carbon monoxide, radon, formaldehyde, asbestos, and passive tobacco smoke.
T. Water removed from the soil by evaporation from leaf and plant surfaces.
Chapter 10 Assignment – Worksheet + chapter reflection + current event
1. Define terrorism.
2. Define the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI).
3. What type of military activity does the U.S. spend a higher percentage of its total research money on?
4. What is the main concept of a First Strike?
5. Define counter-force targeting.
6. Define counter-value targeting.
7. What is it called when both sides of a conflict have the capability to absorb a first strike and deliver a retaliatory second strike which will inflict an unacceptable level of damage?
8. Discuss compellance.
9. What is another name for swaggering?
10. Define SIOP.
11. Give two specific occurrences of mid-intensity conflicts.
12. List five general examples of low-intensity conflicts.
13. What are NBC munitions?
14. What is the primary goal of the Cooperative Threat Reduction Program?
15. What is NATO’s main purpose?
16. Describe what a cluster bomb unit consists of.
17. What is the name of the U.S.’s new version of the ABM, “Patriot Missile System” ?
18. Define chemical weapon.
19. Define biological weapon.
20. List six agents that have been identified by the CDC as posing a risk to our nation’s security.
21. List three dual-use chemicals and their dual purposes.
22. List three directed energy weapons.
23. Define cyberterrorism.
24. List three examples of military projects that were funded by the “black budget”.
25. What is the name of the treaty that was signed in the early 1990’s by President George Bush
Sr. and President Boris Yeltsin which made provisions to further reduce intercontinental
missiles?
Chapter 10 Answers – select the letter of the correct answer and include it and the question number in the assignment you submit
A. Thiodiglycol-Plastics, Phosphorus Oxychloride-Insecticides, Sodium Cyanide-Dyes and pigments
B. Operation Desert Storm & Afghanistan
C. Nuclear, biological, and chemical
D. They contain thousands of bomblets called bomb live units
E. Disruption of military information, as well as to the disruption of information in our homeland.
F. A weapon using poisonous, asphyxiating, or other gases affecting humans when they are either inhales or absorbed through the skin
G. Bacillus anthracis, Clostridium botulinum, Versinia pestis, Variola major, Francisella tularensis, Viral hemorrhagic fevers
H. Keep peace
I. START II
J. Border skirmishes, internal battles, police work, civil uprisings, and regional conflicts
K. Strategy which weapons are aimed at the military forces of opponent at strategic or nuclear forces
L. Hydrogen-Fluoride Chemical Laser, Space-based Free-Electron Laser, and the NPB
M. Stealth Bomber, Military Strategic Tactical and Relay System (MILSTAR), Advanced Cruise Missile
N. Ability and determination to use available technologies as tools of mass destruction
O. Program to explore the possibilities of strategic defense military
P. Prevent the widespread acquisition of NBC weapons.
Q. List of targets that U.S. long range nuclear forces would attack and assign weapons to target based on established damage, criteria, routing, and timing.
R. A weapon using a living organism, usually a pathogenic microorganism, for hostile purposes. Biological agents can be bacterial, fungal, viral, rickettsial, or protozoan.
S. Posturing
T. Nuclear attack so powerful to leave one’s country with forces inadequate to inflict damage on the Attacker.
U. Deployment of military power in order to get another nation to change its behavior to make it more satisfactory to aggressor.
V. Mutual Assured Destruction
W. Defense Related Research
X. Aim weapons at “softer” targets like urban population centers, industrial facilities and economic enterprises
Y. PAC-3®
Chapter 11 Assignment – Worksheet + chapter reflection + current event
1. Essayists typically take opposite stances on the effects of the growth in technology, one side says
that technology will cause our destruction while others say that technology_____________.
2. Why do people resist change?
3. List seven words that are less offensive referring to the process of change.
4. Social lag is usually brought on by a lack of what?
5. List an example of “the Good Old Days” related to “your” past.
6. Define information overload.
7. When a child learns the meaning of “in a few minutes” as opposed to “in a day or two” he/she has
reached the ability to determine a length of time Toffler calls what?
8. What is the name of a concept suggesting it is almost a status symbol in our society to be constantly
busy?
9. Define instant gratification.
10. Do most U.S. citizens feel that both science & technology have made their lives healthier & easier,
YES or NO?
11. What is a simple explanation for “Quality of Life”?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
The next six questions (12-17) relate to “response modes”.
12. This is an aspect of “blind faith” where an individual verbalizes implicit faith in the experts.
13. This is when people go along with changes for fear of what might happen to them if they resist.
14. This is when people are willing to openly protest the technologies that they oppose.
15. This is where people don’t want to be bothered with the boring or gory details.
16. This is an example where people will go to extremes to avoid change.
17. This is how most of us would like to respond to change, with agreement and harmony.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
18. What is the name of a concept referring to humankinds’ dependence on any technological system
or device the either is not understood or cannot be controlled?
19. List the five elements of Technological Literacy.
20. List one “technology” that you “just cannot live without” (literally or metaphorically).
21. Describe what is meant by a “global technology community”.
22. Define a risk-benefit analysis.
23. What is the actual name of “mad cow disease”?
24. According to Figure 11-11, which activity or technology was rated as the riskiest by experts?
25. Define “technology accordance”.
Chapter 11 Answers – select the letter of the correct answer and include it and the question number in the assignment you submit (Note: questions 5 & 20 require you to “write in” your own answer.)
A. Reluctant acceptance
B. Lack of readiness
C. Bovine Spongiform Encephalitis (BSE)
D. Avoidance
E. Attempts to and must ultimately answer the question How safe is safe enough? Experts use historical accident and fatality records to reveal patterns of acceptable risk-benefit ratios. Generally, an acceptable risk for a new technology equates to the level of safety associated with ongoing activities providing similar benefits to society
F. Technology trap
G. Accord
H. Motor Vehicles
I. An individual’s inability to think clearly due to an excessive amount of cognitive stimulation
J. This social behavior or attitude refers to the extent to which a social group is able to recognize and take advantage of the patented benefits of a technological breakthrough and simultaneously control any of its negative side effects or risks
K. Knowledge, Awareness, Confidence and skill, Control, Insight
L. Apathy
M. Will cure all of society’s illnesses.
N. YES
O. Education, training, modification, orientation, guidance, indoctrination, and therapy
P. Immediate acquiescence
Q. The word change produces emotional reaction, since it is not a neutral word. To many people, change is threatening. Without any sort of modifier the word change promises no respect for present cultural values. Change may even disrupt the values.
R. The degree to which you enjoy life and the possibilities it holds for you
S. It is characterized by a concept labeled universalism. The world is an open system heavily reliant on international network of technology transfer
T. The conscious expenditure off effort to make the time interval between wanting something and getting it as short as possible – the ability to “have it all” in a fast pace, high-tech society
U. Durational expectancies
V. Busyness Syndrome
W. Reactionist rejection
Chapter 12 Assignment – Worksheet + chapter reflection + current event
1. List four examples of “social institutions”.
2. Explain what is meant by “family dinner” and indicate if you have or do experience them.
3. What is different between a “family” and a “household”?
4. According to 2000 census data, nuclear families make up what percentage of households in the U.S.?
5. According to the book, has childhood become more or less complicated?
6. List an example of how a “labor-saving” device can make tasks more difficult rather than easier.
7. Based on an average from the 2000’s do Americans work more or less than their Western European
counterparts?
8. The Vatican document “Instruction on Respect for Human life in its Origin and on the Dignity of
Procreation – Replies to Certain Questions of the Day” instructed governments around the world to
ban what certain things?
9. Science vs. Religion, what do scientists say according to the book?
10. Science vs. Religion, what do religious leaders say according to the book?
11. Why do schools exist?
12. Why is it important to be a “lifelong learner”?
13. What name is given to a computer program that reduces a large amount of information into a form
of question-and-answer routines that would lead a learner through a logical progression to the
correct response?
14. List two leisure time activities that you enjoy.
15. What two terms, coined in the 1980’s, refer to using the remote control of a television to keep from
watching commercials, and are you guilty of doing this?
16. What can a TV network do to counteract what is done in question 15?
17. What is meant by “industrial recreation”?
18. What technology can be used to improve the performance of duffers, hackers, & tournament
players alike?
19. What is the name of the DuPont fiber that has the feel of cotton with a wicking ability that pulls
moisture away from the body?
20. Complete the leisure time check list (5 items). Check the activities that you have been known to do
“all at the same time”.
___ instant message ___watch TV ___talk on a cell phone
___surf the internet ___listen to music
Chapter 12 Answers – select the letter of the correct answer and include it and the question number in the assignment you submit (Note: questions 14 & 20 require you to “write in” your own answer. Questions 2 & 15 prompts you to include additional information along with an answer from below)
A. Industrial recreation services can cement employee loyalty to the company, reduce tensions, lower absenteeism, and promote employee camaraderie and morale. Many companies offer some type of recreation activities as a component of their employee benefits package. Some of the industrial activities are basketball, racquetball tennis, weight lifting equipment, stationary bicycles, fitness classes etc
B. Expert system
C. Scientists believe religion skews objective reasoning, fuels repressive movements, and stifles freedom of thought
D. Thermax
E. Americans work more than Western European counterparts
F. It’s important because technology, job market, political environment, etc are changing and constantly evolving
G. Computers, high-speed video cameras, and heart monitors
H. Schools exist to educate and socialize the residents of a community, state, nation, or continent
I. More complicated.
J. Religious leaders are convinced science pursued from an agnostic or atheistic base will continue to feed the ever-growing materialism in society and contribute to the violence of the modern age
K. Family, colleges, churches, health clubs
L. Family is two or more people living together who are related by blood, marriage, or adoption. Household is one or more people who occupy a house, apartment, or other residential unit that is not group quarters
M. Food processors; “since all of the individual components must be cleaned separately, its laborsaving profile is best observed when large quantities of ingredients must be prepared
N. Artificial procreation including sperm banks, embryo banks, postmortem insemination, and surrogate motherhood
O. Some companies have taken to imbedding advertisements directly in network programs to counteract these consumer tendencies
P. It is the gathering of children and parents to eat an evening family meal and is one of the primary ways in which growing children learn about conventional behaviors they need to be in touch with as adults.” As a growing child, I have had many unforgettable family diners, however in recent years family diners have been reduced to almost none because of the busy life that we all live.
Q. 25 percent.
R. Zapping and Zipping
Chapter 13 Assignment – Worksheet + chapter reflection + current event
1. What is the purpose of a technology assessment?
2. Which of the three types of research is most likely to utilize findings of pervious research and is
directed toward the full-scale production of useful materials, devices, systems, or methods?
3. Describe “data mining”.
4. Define “biometrics”.
5. Define “heuristics”.
6. List four examples of engineering ethics.
7. Define “risk assessment”.
8. Identify the three phases of cause & effect relationships that the book explains.
9. What is the problem with using an animal to determine the toxicity of a chemical to humans?
10. Define what a future wheel projection technique is.
11. Define what a content analysis is used for.
12. What type of study uses a group of experts and an intermediary to make long-range forecasts of
technological and societal developments?
Chapter 13 Answers – select the letter of the correct answer and include it and the question number in the assignment you submit
A. a) Laboratory animals are commonly exposed to high concentrations of chemicals to ensure that if
there are any toxic effects, they will be evident at statistically significant levels.
b) The initial use of high doses of toxic substances may interrupt the recipient’s internal
metabolic reactions toward the initiation of carcinogenesis.
c) Animals and humans metabolize substances differently.
B. It is a small-group brainstorming session in which the participants examine the consequences of a
particular social trend or a technological event.
C. Delphi study.
D. Integrity, Honesty, Candor, Civic-mindedness.
E. To make projections about the future state specific technologies, so we can assess and plan for their impacts on society.
F. (1) Risk assessors must be able to determine how potential threats are released into and move
through the ever-changing environment.
(2) They must figure out how much of the substance people might eat, breathe, or swallow and
then estimate how much of it they could ultimately absorb.
(3) Phase three entails a determination of how much of a hazard the absorbed substance poses
(whether it will cause symptoms such as acute nausea or chronic loss of hearing).”
G. A method of studying the risk of a new technology, material, or device so they may be better avoided, reduced, or otherwise managed.
H. Reviewers keep track of events as they occur, to make an accurate projection of major trends one to two years down the road.
I. Development.
J. It involves technologies allowing us to be identified by specific biological traits. It’s used for face
recognition, iris recognition, fingerprint recognition, voice recognition, and dynamic signature
recognition.
K. Also called knowledge discovery in databases (KDD), is based on elaborate pattern recognition
algorithms. Exciting applications are projected in many fields, including automobile maintenance,
astronomy, geology, medicine, quality assurance, and military intelligence.
L. Rules of thumb based on a compilation of personal experiences over time. They are used to help
guide problem solving exercises. In the field of artificial intelligence, they are built into computer
programs to enable machines to make educated guesses. Unlike algorithms (mathematical
computation), they do not guarantee a solution.
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