Principles of microbiology

Principles of microbiology

Type of service

Academic paper writing

Type of assignment

Lab report

Subject

Biology

Pages / words

2 / 550

Number of sources

2

Academic level

Junior (College 3rd year)

Paper format

Chicago

Line spacing

Double

Language style

US English

Revision comments

09/28/2019 14:56 PM: the paper has to be in a pdf format

10/1/2019 9:58 AM the format of the paper is wrong. according to the paper template. they boxes are suppose to be at the bottom of every page, and there are suppose to be certain sections on their own page. check attachment Paper template fall 2019.docx
within the document “Culture-based Project Presentation and Paper Expectations” (in the paper section) the introductions says As described in handout “Writing Microbiology Lab Reports”
• Should approach but be no longer than a page. The boxes should still
appear at the bottom.
• The following questions need to be answered. One paragraph for each.
• What is known about antibiotic resistance in environmental sites similar to where you sampled (e.g. river)? Use three separate sources. (Suggested database – Agricola found under Academic Search Complete)
• What are the specific modes of action for all of the antibiotics you investigated (including the one used during the initial isolation)? It is not sufficient to say an antibiotic “inhibits protein synthesis”. You have to describe how. (Suggested database – Medline, found under Academic Search Complete or Pubmed)
• What specific features allow bacteria to survive exposure to each of the antibiotics you discussed in the previous question? These features cannot be the same ones you use in your inferences
(discussion). (Suggested database – Medline, found under Academic Search Complete or Pubmed)
Introduction
The introduction leads the reader to the study you have done. Sufficient background is given to allow the reader to understand the objective for the experiment.
• Define specialized terms where appropriate.
• Review literature appropriate to the study. You will be given questions to guide you.
• State specific objective(s) at the end.
• Written in the present tense.
• There should be no references made to information belonging in the materials and methods, results or
discussion.
• Other than in the objectives statements, there should be no discussion or reference made to the experiment(s).
• Sources used elsewhere in the paper may not be used.
• The paragraphs should be well constructed and flow easily. They should have an appropriate introductory
sentence(s).
10:08
Results
The results describe what you found, not what it means! Text is absolutely necessary. Tables and/or figures will also be included. The text summarizes the important features what is found in the tables and/or figures without restating all of the details.
• Always refer to the appropriate table or figure. List as (Table 1) or (Figure 2) in the text.
• Do not say “Results are shown in Table 1.” or anything comparable. Appropriate tables are indicated in
(E.g. do
parentheses as shown above.
• State the experiment and describe the data. Do not restate the materials and methods again. • Do not interpret or infer what the data means.
• Do not restate all the information found in the tables in the text.
points.
• Written in the past tense.
• Be specific in stating results.
• Report results of statistical tests. p values are reported
• Do not refer to “positive” or “negative” results. This does not tell the reader anything and/or is unnecessary
text. State what the specific result was. • “Do not use the word “Significant”
o Significant means that a statistical test has been done.
o Even if a statistical test been done, you would not use the word “significant”
§ p values would be reported instead. This is only done in the results.
Tables
• Tables should be formatted to be read down (the independent variable in the first column on the left and
dependent variables in the columns to the left of the independent variables)
• Tables and figures need a descriptive title and annotations below the table (if necessary). The rule of thumb
is as follows. If someone was given your table or figure by itself, they should be able to understand what is being shown based on reading the title and annotations.
o Footnotes may be included for explanatory purposes such as explaining abbreviations. • Only horizontal rule lines are used, usually three or four per table (see below).
• Include statistical results (p values) where appropriate.
• Table will be on the same page as the Results section.
• Table will be single spaced.
• If necessary, the font size can be reduced to have the table fit on the page neatly.

Example
Table 1. Traits of penicillin resistant bacterial isolates from Lake Huron.
Structural and metabolic properties
Isolate number Gram stain Catalase activity Glucose fermentation Endospore stain
105 purple + – –
108 pink – – –
110 purple – – +
Gram stain – Final color
Catalase activity and glucose fermentation positive reaction +, negative reaction – Endospore stain green spheres present +, absent –
Discussion
• Give two clear inferences that are supported by evidence (scientific literature).
o State the specific observation you are addressing. o State specific information from the reference(s). o Give a clear inference using tentative language.
• Written in the present tense.
• Do not restate results unnecessarily.
• If you are about to write the words “further study is needed…” or the like, stop and tell yourself that you are
about to commit an error. These words are, more often than not, pointless statements.
• Do not refer to “positive” or “negative” results. This does not tell the reader anything and/or is unnecessary
text. State what the specific result was.
• Do not use the word “Significant” unless a statistical test has been done.
o p values should not be reported. This is only done in the results.
• can only be used in the results or discussion if the data has been assessed using a statistical test and the null
hypothesis has been rejected (alternative accepted).
o You will use statistical tests for the last project. See the Writing About Statistics section below
• Human or experimental error is not an acceptable explanation and should not be mentioned.
References
All ideas and knowledge that are not your own must be referenced!!!…otherwise it is plagiarism. You will be expected to provided references in the Introduction, Discussion and, sometimes, the Materials and Methods. Failure to reference properly will result in up to a 10% penalty.
• References will be alphabetical order by the last name of the first author.
• Primary and secondary journal articles can only be used unless otherwise given permission. Primary journal articles describe a study. Secondary journal articles summarize or review a number of studies.
• Journal titles need to be abbreviated
• You will use the Council for Scientific Editors formatting for references. The rules are summarized below. Links
to the CSE style guide can be found on Blackboard or using the following hyperlink
o https://www.scientificstyleandformat.org/Tools/SSF-Citation-Quick-Guide.html
• To ensure your citation information is correct, try Googling the title of the article. You should find a website with “NCBI” in the link. This will give you the information you need including the abbreviation for the journal name.
• Googling the journal name with “abbreviation” will also give you the correct short form.

Title
The title should include sufficient detail so the reader will know what the paper is about. potential reader to decide if they would like to read the abstract.
• Terms in the title should relate what was actually done.
• Important terms need to be capitalized
The title allows the
o Fluorescein Diacetate Hydrolysis as a Measure of Total Microbial Activity in Soil and Litter o Microbial Community Shifts in Response to Acid Mine Drainage Pollution Within a Natural
Wetland
• The title should be brief but include sufficient detail so the reader will know what the paper is about
o This includes mentioning the nature of the study and the context Antibiotic Resistances Patterns Among Bacteria Isolated from Lake Huron.
Abstract
The abstract is intended to be published on its own separate from the manuscript as part of a collection of abstracts. They allow the reader to know if they should read the entire paper. No reference should be made to material from the paper itself. The abstract is a brief, specific summary of the paper written as a single paragraph. t
• Includes the principal objective(s), materials and methods, results and the two inferences.
• Written in the past tense.
• Maximum length – 100 words
o To check the length in Word
1. Highlight the section of test you are interested in 2. Click the “Review” tab at the top
3. Click on “Word Count”
• Never talk about what future studies could or should do.
• Do not refer to “positive” or “negative” results. This does not tell the reader anything and/or is unnecessary
text. State what the specific result was. • There should be no reference to tables

Description

He is very specific about how things are worded and the questions are answered, i attached the documents to help explain everything. If anything else is needed just let me know.

Latest revision comment

10/1 12:40 PM
For the new writer:
Using the content from the file “lab_report_final.pdf”, please complete the paper in the file
“Paper template fall 2019.docx”.
– Meet the word count – 550 words.
– Add Results chapter.
– Revise the format.
– Revise the abstract – it should include the principal objective(s), materials and methods, results and the two inferences.
– Adjust the entire report to the requirements listed in the file “Writing_Micro_Lab_Reports_Fall_2019_4_.pdf”