Quiz

Aristotle says virtue “is a state of character concerned with choice, lying in a mean, i.e., the mean relative to us, this being determined by a rational principle, and by that principle by which the man of practical wisdom would determine it.”

1. What does he mean by a “rational principle,” “practical wisdom,” and how would this rational principle afford one practical wisdom to be virtuous?
2. How does your answer speak to Aristotle’s assertion that the “contemplative life” in accord with reason is the happiest life?

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20 points   

QUESTION 2

1. What is the difference between acting becauseduty calls and acting as duty calls, and why is the first instance an example of acting via a hypothetical imperative and the second an example of acting via the categorical imperative?

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20 points   

QUESTION 3

1. One of the aspects of Mill’s brand of Utilitarianism is that it is both empirical (justification for and judgment by way of the theory issues via the senses) and rationalist (justification for and judgment by way of the theory issues by way of the logical processes of the mind). Why is this the case?

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20 points   

QUESTION 4

1. Applied Topic: Gun Laws

The debate regarding of how strict gun laws should be has been quite heated, especially in the wake of mass shootings. Considering this debate, argue for (do not just identify or explain the given thinker’s argument) how each of the following philosophers covered in this module would address this issue:

1. Aristotle via his doctrine of the mean (think of virtue from a societal perspective)
2. Kant via his first formulation (“The Law of Nature”) of the Categorical Imperative
3. Mill via his connectionof quality (“pleasures of the intellect”/”a sense of dignity”) to the Greatest Happiness Principle

The positions (for, against, a little of both, a revision, etc.) is entirely up to the student to choose. Just make certain to draw from specific content within the assigned texts and/or videos.

So, there should thus be three distinct well-reasoned arguments, each with its own specific textual support from the assigned readings or videos, NOT FROM OTHER SOURCES.

 

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