T
Utility Cost per million poundPlantsMexicoCanadaVenezuelaFrankfurtGarySunchemSteam (metricton)52.2559.67–65.3864.20–Natural Gas (cubicmeter)–10.1713.86–14.11–Oil (liter)31.36––25.97–66.40Electricity (kilowatthours)11,928.0014,404.8027,533.8011,02519,286.4036,608.60TotalUtility Usage12,011.6114,474.6427,547.6611,116.3519,364.7136,675.00ITLE
AUTHOR
MONTH / YEAR
[Notes and examples are in square brackets [ ]. Don’t leave them in.]
Abstract
[The objective of this work is to design a Type B widget. The existing Type A widgets, used currently, have design limitations that prevent them being used on Sundays. The new Type B widget was designed using ButchersBlock 4.0 software to simulate the wind gusts found in a typical City Loop train platform. Using this data, a prototype widget was built and tested by repeated blows from a 3kg sledgehammer. It was found that the Type B design is superior to the Type A in terms of color and visual appeal. The new design of type B widget complies with all design codes and can be expected to work at all temperatures down to 5 degrees below absolute zero. Once in production it is expected to eventually replace all Type A widgets currently in service. ]
[You write the abstract (or summary or synopsis) LAST. An abstract is NOT a cut & paste from the introduction, it is a condensation of the entire report. For a good abstract you address these five points: What – why – how – what found – what it means, in one or two sentences each. See above. This will be a summary or abstract of the entire report. You cannot write this until you have something to summarize, i.e. the complete report. Be specific. ]
Acknowledgements
[You MUST acknowledge anything in your thesis which is not your work. It is also customary to thank anyone (individuals or organizations) who assisted, provided resources, etc
The author wishes to thank the following people:
Professor Roy Hinkley Jr, for his advice on experimental design
Capt. Jonas Grumby USN Ret, for allowing access to the testing location.
Miss G. Grant, lab assistant
Miss Maryann Somers for proofreading this manuscript
Mr. T Howell for providing financial support
Mrs Eunice Wentworth Howell for assisting with on-site catering
Mr. Gil Egan, lab technician, for fabricating the first prototype.
[Apart from that, you can thank anyone you like.]
Declaration of Originality
I certify that except where due acknowledgement has been made, the work is that of the author alone; the work has not been submitted previously, in whole or in part, to qualify for any other academic award; the content of the thesis is the result of work which has been carried out since the official commencement date of the approved research program,; and, any editorial work, paid or unpaid, carried out by a third party is acknowledged.
[ You can copy & paste this bit. In the final version it MUST be signed with a pen]
[name]
[date]
Contents
Abstract i
Acknowledgements iii
Declaration of Originality iv
Table of Contents v
List of Figures ix
List of Figures Contained in Appendices xiv
List of Tables xv
Nomenclature xvi
List of Abbreviations and Acronyms xviii
[preamble section pages are numbered in Roman, i, ii, iii, from Chapter 1 onwards usual numbers 1,2,…]
Chapter 1: Introduction 1
1.1 ` 1
1.2 4
1.3 23
1.3.1 [subsections as required. Is it important enough to be a stand alone section, or is it a minor part of an existing section?]
1.3.2
1.4
Chapter 2: Method
2.1
2.2
Chapter 3: Results
Chapter 4: Discussion
Chapter 5 : Conclusions 136
Chapter 6: Recommendations for Further Work 138
Chapter 7 : References 139
Chapter 8: Bibliography 144
Appendices:
Appendix A: [Calculation of bending stress in Widget X ]
Appendix B: [CAD Drawings of main beam]
Appendix C: [CAD drawings of main beam support]
[All appendices have their own title, are self-contained mini-reports ]
List of Figures
1.1 Aspects of Vehicle Aerodynamics (Hucho 1998). 3
1.2 Schematic of the A-Pillar Vortex (Haruna 1990). 6
1.3 Schematics of microphone arrangements – front window
of a passenger car (not to scale) 18
2.1 Schematic of Monash Wind Tunnel 26
[All figs have a title. Note the figure numbering scheme 2.1 is the first fig in Ch 2]
List of Figures Contained in Appendices
C.1 Block Diagram of Scanivalve pressure data acquisition system. 171
C.2 Pressure to Voltage calibration apparatus. 172
C.3 Scanivavle pressure sensor output: pressue to voltage calibration. 172
D.1 G.R.A.S. ¼ inch microphone with preamplifier and power module. 174
D.2 Frequency response of G.R.A.S. ¼ inch microphone (Type 40 BF). 175
E.1. Fluctuating pressure measurement and analysis stages. 178
List of Tables
4.1 Energy usage survey data [means table no.1 in chapter 4] 24
5.1 Cp(rms) values, comparing mirror and no mirror 73
7.1 Pressure probe sampling data 83
[All tables have their own title ].
Nomenclature
[symbol – meaning – units] [ a-z first, then Greek symbols in Greek order]
a0 local speed of sound m/s
C circumference m
Cp Coefficient of Pressure
Cp(rms) Coefficient of Pressure (root mean square)
f frequency Hz
Fi force vector on a fluid element N
derived distance term m
viscosity Ns/m
kinematic viscosity m2/s
density kg/m3
List of Abbreviations and Acronyms
[Remember that common words like “jack” or “head” may mean specific things in a particular context.]
“A” pillar The front roof support on a motor car or truck, bordering the windscreen.
Gongbanger The least talented member of an orchestra, or any other team.
HDR Horizontal Drilling Rig
[suggested chapter order: A research project will usually have chapters:
Introductionexperimental procedureresultsdiscussionconclusion.A design project might be
Introductiondesign methodologyTesting / simulation (if applicable)DesignsDiscussion / analysisConclusion]Chapter 1: Introduction
Overview – Mobile Cranes[11 or 12 size Times New Roman font, 1.5 line spacing]
[To write the introduction start with a general background. Remember you are writing this for people who do know a lot about engineering, but not necessarily what YOUR specific project is about. You don’t need to explain the definition of stress, or what a Newton is, or that aluminium comes from bauxite.
]
Everything that comes from another source MUST be referenced when it appears. It is not acceptable to simply bung in references at the end]
The weight of an adult male Tibetan yak is typically 500kg (Kent, 1997).
[This is the abbreviated citation. The full citation will be in your reference section.]
1.2 Uses and applications
1.3 Design types
1.3.1
1. 4 Literature review
[A lit review is not just a list of papers or other documents. Refer to the Guide to Writing a Literature Review, in the Moodel shell.]
1.__ Objectves
[Based on the lit review, you should have identified a problem that requires a solution, that nobody else has done before. Clearly state the objectives. The objectives are not to do an assignment, not to make us do homework when we’d rather be down the pub, etc. What are the actual objective(s)?
Include all VALID assumptions here: e.g. that acceleration can be considered constant over small time intervals, air density does not change with local altitude, etc. DO NOT “just assume” some important parameter.]
Chapter 2: Method
There are three main methods to doing anything: analytical, computational simulation, or experimental. You need to describe what you have done in sufficient detail so that anyone with a scientific/technical background can repeat your experiment.
Use past tense. DO NOT write a shopping list of items, or a set of instructions (like a recipe book). You are not telling me what to do.
NOT LIKE THIS:
Take this.Do that to it.Put this bit here.Record x and y.DON’T DO IT! Use Past tense- describe what was done.
2.1 Relevant design standards [if applicable]
2.2 Testing facilities [ If your facilities are just the computer room in Y Building, then there is no purpose describing that. If on the other hand, you did fieldwork in some special location, then that needs to be identified.]
2.3 Testing method:
2.4
2.1
2.2
Chapter 3: Results [as applicable]
You need to think of the best way of demonstrating your results.
Plots are a good idea, a picture is worth a thousand words. But don’t just plot everything and staple the lot together, you need to explain what is going on.
If your results are pages upon pages of printed results, then a summary of results would be preferable, with the bulk in appendices.
Outliers do happen – don’t just “join the dots”.
Use X-Y Scatter, not the other options because the X axis WON’T BE TO SCALE.
Example:
3.1Summary of Results
3.2.1 Sample data from Mt Isa mine.
3.2.1.1. Surface samples
Blah blah etc
3.2.1.2 Underground samples
. . . . . .
3.2.2 Sample data from Kalgoorlie mine.
Table 3.1 Energy usage survey data (Smith, 1912)
Utility Cost per million poundPlantsMexicoCanadaVenezuelaFrankfurtGarySunchemSteam (metricton)52.2559.67–65.3864.20–Natural Gas (cubicmeter)–10.1713.86–14.11–Oil (liter)31.36––25.97–66.40Electricity (kilowatthours)11,928.0014,404.8027,533.8011,02519,286.4036,608.60TotalUtility Usage12,011.6114,474.6427,547.6611,116.3519,364.7136,675.00.
[table no.1 in chapter 4. All tables must be numbered, titled above the table, and referenced if it is not YOUR findings.]
Chapter 4 : Discussion
[This is the meat in the sandwich. (Or tofu, if you are a vegie.) While the procedure explains HOW you did the experiment or designed whatever, the results are findings and not useful without interpretation. The Discussion is the analysis of the results. You are trying to make a case. The results are the exhibits or evidence. The discussion is the line of reasoning you use to get to your conclusions].
The duck/witch comparative mas test clearly shows that the alleged witch weighs the same as a duck. Because ducks float, the alleged witch must also float. This must be because she is made of wood. Wood burns, as do witches, therefore she must be a witch. ]
May be divided into subsections
Analysis of computer modellingAnalysis of wind tunnel testingAnalysis of on-road testingError analysis.Chapter 5 : Conclusions
[Short and concise – in order of importance.]
Architects do not have a clue and should never be allowed to design any buildings at any university campus anywhere. This is due to their utter incompetence and complete lack of real world experience.
Architects do not design buildings for any practical purpose, they see themselves creating works of modern art.
She’s a witch!
Mars in is Scorpio, therefore you will travel and your lucky number is 3. [Instant HD to anyone who can explain how this works.]
Chapter 6 : Recommendations for further work
Burn her!
[This section is not mandatory. If included, be realistic: This isn’t a list of all the things that you didn’t do because you couldn’t be bothered]
Chapter _: References
[Examples below are (1) a conference/journal paper, (2) AS/NZS Standards or ADR Aust. Design Rules, (3) Thesis, (4) Book, (5) interview ./ correspondence, (6) website .]
Alam, F., Zimmer, G., and Watkins, S., “Wind-tunnel and On-road Comparison of Aerodynamic Noise due to Car Modifications”, Sixth International Conference on Sound and Vibration, Copenhagen, Denmark, Vol. 7, PP 3457-3464, 5-8 July, 1999, 5-8 July 1999.
Australian Design Rules, Federal Office of Road Safety, Commonwealth of
Australia Government Gazette, 2001.
Kent, M.I., “The Mating Habits of Tibetan Yaks Above 12,000ft in the Harvest Moon and its Relevance to the Kennett Government’s Public Transport Policy”, PhD thesis, University of Queensland, 1997
Norton, M. P., “Fundamentals of Noise and Vibration Analysis for Engineers”, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K., 1989.
Smith E.J. Personal correspondence June 2008
www.flat_earth.org Journal of the Flat Earth Society, Vancouver BC Canada, retrieved June 2010.
Chapter _:Bibliography
This is laid out in the same manner as References. These are sources that are not directly referenced in the thesis, but are useful.
Appendix A: [Title]
[All appendices will have a separate title. Appendices are not just like a closet where all surplus stuff is dumped, each appendix
These may be numbered A,B, C or 1,2,3, etc as you wish.
Each appendix is its own mini report.
Appendix B: [Title]
etc
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