StuDocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or universityITECH2301 Ass2 – Assignment 2Network Architecture and Design (Federation University Australia)Downloaded by Sagar Tamang (sagartamangaustralia@gmail.com)lOMoARcPSD|5178825ContentsIntroducton……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………3Network Design Case……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….3T1. Logical design (need analysis……………………………………………………………………………………………………….4Network architecture component………………………………………………………………………………………………….4Applicaton systems……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..4Network users…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….5Categorizing network needs………………………………………………………………………………………………………….5Deliverables………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..6T2. Physical Design (technology design)……………………………………………………………………………………………..6Designing client and servers………………………………………………………………………………………………………….7Designing circuits…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………7Network design tools……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………8Deliverables………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..9T3. Assumptons and their explanaton………………………………………………………………………………………………9T4. Explanaton given to senior management……………………………………………………………………………………10CRICOS Provider No. 00103D itech2301_ass1- Network Architecture Assignment, Semester 1, 2018 Page 0 of 10Downloaded by Sagar Tamang (sagartamangaustralia@gmail.com)lOMoARcPSD|5178825Network DesignITECH2301-Network Architecture and DesignIntroductionMost network design projects today are network upgrades, rather than the design of entirely newnetworks. In this case, there is already a good understanding of the existing traffic in the network,and most importantly, the rate of growth of network traffic. In this case, it is important to gain anunderstanding of the current operations (application systems and messages). The needs analysis stepprovides a network baseline against which future design requirements can be gauged. It shouldprovide a clear picture of the present sequence of operations, processing times, work volumes,current communication network, existing costs, and user/management needs. Whether the networkis a new network or a network upgrade, the primary objective of this stage is to define thegeographic scope of the network and the users and applications that will use the network. Similarly,we will be developing both logical and physical network designs.Network Design CaseDrop and Forge is a manufacturing firm having 200 employees with a 120-computer network on itsToledo, Ohio, campus. The company has one very large manufacturing plant with an adjacent fivestory office building comprising 100 rooms. The office building houses 100 computers, withadditional 20 computers in the plant. The current network is old and needs to be replaced. The newnetwork will house a data centre, the e-commerce edge and 12 printers. 10 printers will be installedin the different rooms of the office building, while the other two are to be installed in the plant.Employees will be allowed to bring their mobile devices (e.g., smart phones, tablets) to work anduse them to access required information such as their work email, required documents and Internet.T1. Logical design (need analysis)Network architecture componentNetwork Architecture provides the detail overview of a network. It is used to classify all thenetwork layers step-by-step in logical form by describing each step-in detail. It is also based on theCRICOS Provider No. 00103D itech2301_ass2- Network Architecture Assignment, Semester 1, 2018 Page 1 of 10Downloaded by Sagar Tamang (sagartamangaustralia@gmail.com)lOMoARcPSD|5178825Network DesignITECH2301-Network Architecture and Designcomplete working definitions of the protocols. The architecture is emphasized in a distributedcomputing environment and its complexity cannot be understood without a framework. Therefore,there is a need to develop applications or methods to layout an overview of a network. Thecomponent is:Access Layer: It covers both wired and wireless LANs and provide access to the network Usestechnologies such as network hubs, switches and wireless APsDistribution Layer: Distributes network traffic to and from the LANs also use the same basictechnologies (e.g., a network switch) as LANs. But switches are usually faster because buildingbackbone carries more traffic than those of a LAN. So, we use switch in this layer.Core Layer: Connects all the buildings on one campus which is usually faster than the buildingbackbone as it carries more traffic. We use layer 3 switches at this level.Data Centre: Contains organization’s servers (e.g., database servers, email servers). It is located onthe enterprise campus and has a very high-speed connection with the campus bones.Internet accesse-commerce edgeApplication systems
Application Number
Name ofApplication
Type oftrafficFlow
Protocoluse byApplication
Employeethat use theapplication
DataStores(Servers,Host)
ApproximateBandwidthRequirement
1
FileSharing
Client/Server
FTP
ALLemployee
Servers
52Mbps
2
MailSharing
Client/Server
SMTP,
Allemployee
Host
256kb
3
WebBrowser
Client/Server
HTTP,FTP
Allemployee
Host
5 Mbps
4
Payroll
Client/Server
FTP
FinanceSection
Server
0.5 Mbps
5
DesktopVideoConferencing
Client/Server
TCP,UDR
Management
Server
4 Mbps
6
CRMSoftware
Client/Server
FTP
MarketingDepartment
Server
300Kbps
7
Mobileapp
Client/Server
FTP
Allemployee
Host
54.1kbps
8
AccountSoftware
Client/Server
FTP
AdminPanel
Host
300 x 20Mbps
9
Antivirus
Client/Server
FTP
Allemployee
Host
3kbps
CRICOS Provider No. 00103D itech2301_ass2- Network Architecture Assignment, Semester 1, 2018 Page 2 of 10Downloaded by Sagar Tamang (sagartamangaustralia@gmail.com)lOMoARcPSD|5178825Network DesignITECH2301-Network Architecture and Design
10
PrinterSoftware
Client/Server
FTP
Allemployee
Server
60 Kbytes
Network usersThe primary users of the network at this firm are management and company employees aresecondary users of the network in that they will receive information produced on the network, butthey will not directly use the network. The firm will have a firewall that protects all informationcoming and going from the network. Internet service is provided by the telecommunicationcompany. The roughly the relative amount of current traffic will be eliminated in future traffic to begenerated in each part of the network. The requirements into mandatory are file sharing, mailsharing, payroll etc. Also, desirable and wish-list are web, desktop video conferencing and email.Categorizing network needsThe company will have internet spread with LAN all over the building for the employee. Sincecomputers are located within small distance, they do not need special devices and cables to connectwith each other. and will also have access point for the use of wireless devices like mobile, tabletand the printer within the company. I would recommend Workgroup Network since all computersare equal. Any computer can provide and access shared resources. This type of network is usuallyused in office network. It is easy to setup and does not require any special hardware and software.The downside of this network is that it provides very less security. So, in order to maintain securitywe use firewall.aCRICOS Provider No. 00103D itech2301_ass2- Network Architecture Assignment, Semester 1, 2018 Page 3 of 10Downloaded by Sagar Tamang (sagartamangaustralia@gmail.com)lOMoARcPSD|5178825Network DesignITECH2301-Network Architecture and DesignFigure 1.1 Local facility network diagramsDeliverablesFigure 1.2 Logical DesignT2. Physical Design (technology design)The physical network is easy to understand because it’s usually visible. Mainly, it consists ofhardware: the wiring, plugs such as computer ports, printers, mail servers, and other devices thatprocess and store our data. The physical network also includes the important signals that representthe user data.Designing client and serversClient-server is the network process in which many clients (remote processors) request and receiveservice from a centralized server (host computer). Client computers provide an interface to allow acomputer user to request services of the server and to display the results the server returns. Serverswait for requests to arrive from clients and then respond to them. Ideally, a server provides astandardized transparent interface to clients so that clients need not be aware of the specifics of thesystem (i.e., the hardware and software) that is providing the service. Clients are often situated atworkstations or on personal computers, while servers are located elsewhere on the network, usuallyon more powerful machines. This computing model is especially effective when clients and theserver each have distinct tasks that they routinely perform. In Drop and Forge data processing, forexample, a client computer can be running an application program for entering product informationwhile the server computer is running another program that manages the database in which theCRICOS Provider No. 00103D itech2301_ass2- Network Architecture Assignment, Semester 1, 2018 Page 4 of 10Downloaded by Sagar Tamang (sagartamangaustralia@gmail.com)lOMoARcPSD|5178825Network DesignITECH2301-Network Architecture and Designinformation is permanently stored. Many clients can access the server’s information simultaneously,and, at the same time, a client computer can perform other tasks, such as sending e-mail. Becauseboth client and server computers are considered intelligent devices.Designing circuitsThe LAN would typically be designed as a physical star topology connecting the computers on eachfloor with UTP cabling to a switch. A wireless network is recommended in each building inaddition to the wired network. Based on the size of the buildings, number of users, and the fact thata wired network is already in place, the company could get by with 802.11n access points on oddnumbered floors. These would probably provide enough wireless access to support the users. Theswitches on each floor would connect to the main switch on the first floor of each building, whichwould then connect to a router in that building. The connections among the switches would be fibre.These two are interrelated because each technology offers different circuit capacities. Designingcircuit capacities for backbone networks is challenging because: backbones move traffic from manycomputers at the same time, there are more choices in standards (e.g., 100 Mbps, 1 Gbps, 10 Gbps,40 Gbps, 100 Gbps) .Capacity planning is the estimation of circuit size and type required for eachnetwork architecture component (e.g., LAN, backbone, WAN).Circuits for wireless networks are alittle different than those for wired networks. Assessment of the currently and the future circuitloading (the amount of data transferred across a circuit)In order to link all the computers in the building together, we install a couple of Ethernets10/100/1000Base-T 48 port switches in the MDF. Due to the size of the building, each PC shouldbe able to connect to one of these switches with a UTP Cat 5e cable. A couple of wireless 802.11naccess points could be installed as well to provide wireless access. There are two interrelateddecisions in designing network circuits and devices: the fundamental technology and protocols (e.g.,Ethernet) and the capacity of each circuit (e.g., 1Gbps, 10Gbps).Network design toolsNetwork design tools can perform several functions to help in the technology design process.Other network design tools can discover the existing network; that is, once installed on the network,they will explore the network to draw a network diagram. Simulation is used to model thebehaviour of the communication network.Network modelling and design tools can perform several functions to help in the technology designprocess. With most tools, the first step is to enter a map or model of the existing network orproposed network design. Some modelling tools require the user to create the network map fromscratch. That is, the user must enter all the network components by hand, placing each server, clientcomputer, and circuit on the map and defining what each. Other tools can “discover” the existingnetwork. In this case, the user provides some starting point; the modelling software explores thenetwork and automatically draws the map itself. Once the map is complete, the next step is to addinformation about the expected network traffic and see if the network can support the level of trafficthat is expected. Simulation is used to model the behaviour of the communication network. Oncethe simulation is complete, the user can examine the results to see the estimated response times andCRICOS Provider No. 00103D itech2301_ass2- Network Architecture Assignment, Semester 1, 2018 Page 5 of 10Downloaded by Sagar Tamang (sagartamangaustralia@gmail.com)lOMoARcPSD|5178825Network DesignITECH2301-Network Architecture and Designthroughput. It is important to note that these network design tools only provide estimates, whichmay vary from the actual results. At this point the user can change the network design to eliminatebottlenecks and re-run the simulation. Good modelling tools not only produce simulation results,but also highlight potential trouble spots (e.g., servers, circuits, or devices that experienced longresponse times). The very best tools offer suggestions on how to overcome the problems that thesimulation identified (e.g., network segmentation, increasing from T1 to T3).Modelling: by creating diagrams, by using software like Smart DrawDiscovery: tools to create network with respect to existing network e.g. Opmanger, OpunitsSimulation: it is mathematical technique which work under many real conditions where the capacityof device is compared. E.g. Riverbed modelorDeliverablesCRICOS Provider No. 00103D itech2301_ass2- Network Architecture Assignment, Semester 1, 2018 Page 6 of 10Downloaded by Sagar Tamang (sagartamangaustralia@gmail.com)lOMoARcPSD|5178825Network DesignITECH2301-Network Architecture and DesignFig.2 Physical DesignT3. Assumptions and their explanationFor this situation, if we assume that all the computers, including servers, can support the installationof a 10/100Mbps Ethernet card, the recommended approach for this company’s network needswould be to install Switched Ethernet switches and a supportive new cable plant that can runEthernet. For example, a Category 5 cable plant. Each of the computers would need to haveinstalled a 10/100Mbps Ethernet NIC. Each computer would connect via CAT 5 to a port on theCRICOS Provider No. 00103D itech2301_ass2- Network Architecture Assignment, Semester 1, 2018 Page 7 of 10Downloaded by Sagar Tamang (sagartamangaustralia@gmail.com)lOMoARcPSD|5178825Network DesignITECH2301-Network Architecture and Designnearest switch. Each switch connected to a main switch in each building. The two main switches inthe buildings would be connected. Along with that the network will be of following advantage:enhance communication since the connection is well design, protect data as if we have firewall datawill be secure, remote access is able work from home, share records.Any needs for connectivity to the outside, for example the Internet, could be supported byconnecting the gateway router directly into a port on the main data switch. The router could connectto a CSU which brought into the campus network a high-speed circuit. In this design everyone oncampus could have Internet connectivity and connect to any server or printer physically located atany of the other buildings. The data centre would contain the e-commerce edge. This would consistof at least the web server that allows potential and existing customers to view their websiteT4. Explanation given to senior managementWhile explaining the design to the management we must be sure to obtain the supports of them.In their mind, the network is simply a cost centre, something on which the organizaton isspending a lot of money with litle apparent change. The network keeps on running just as it didthe year before.The key to gaining senior management acceptance of the network design lies in speaking theirlanguage (cost, network growth, and reliability), not the language of the technology (Ethernet,switch, and DSL). It is pointless to talk about upgrades from 1 Mbps to 10Mbps on the backbone,because this terminology is meaningless to them. A more compelling argument is to discuss thegrowth in network use. Likewise, a focus on network reliability is an easily understandable issue.For example, if the network supports a mission critcal system such as order processing or movingpoint of sale data from retail stores to corporate ofces, it is clear from a business perspectve thatthe network must be available and performing properly, or the organizaton will lose revenue.CRICOS Provider No. 00103D itech2301_ass2- Network Architecture Assignment, Semester 1, 2018 Page 8 of 10Downloaded by Sagar Tamang (sagartamangaustralia@gmail.com)lOMoARcPSD|5178825
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