. We say that two or more agents or two or more objects share a good or service during a fixed period if they each interact with the good or service in a way that benefits or affects them or some other agents, without any change in the ownership of the good or service. (We do not say that agents 1 and 2 share a good if agent 1 owns and uses it, then sells it to agent 2, who then uses it.) A good or service is shareable during a fixed period if it can be shared by more than one agent or more than one object. Different units of partially produced output on an assembly line share the machines and workers of the assembly line. The different units are acted on by the same machines and the same workers. In class we will discuss goods that are shareable and other goods that are not. Goods that are not shareable include goods that are ingested, such as food, drinks, and medications; also, goods that are “used up” when one agent uses them, such as toilet paper. a. Give an example of a good or service that is “intangible” (not a physical commodity) and is NOT shareable and not provided by a government. Explain briefly why it cannot be shared. b. Does sharing commonly occur in the production of the kind of good or service in your example in part a? If so, explain what kind of sharing, and what objects or agents share what good or service. If not, explain how we can tell that no sharing occurs in the production of that good or service

(a)
Consider the service provided at a barbershop. It is not a commodity so we can perceive it as intangible. The service cannot be shared because at a single point in time only one person can get the service while others must wait. Once the service is delivered to a person, the barber will attend the other. The person who got the service cannot share the same with another. The Barber can’t also produce a service which can be enjoyed by two or more customers simultaneously.
(b)
Now consider the production process of this particular service. Some aspects of the job require preparation of equipment and arranging consumables (cream, water, lotion, after-shave and so on). Note that though the service itself is not sharable, the production process or part of it share the same resources. The same consumables, equipment, and even laborers are used to produce service for all the customers.
 
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