HUMN 3981
Assignment 2
February 26 2018
Part A: Critical Reflection
In this module you will learn about important issues related to economic conditions of Latin America and their social impact as reflected in the widespread poverty, the increasingly unequal distribution of wealth, and the environmental issues arising from development.
This module is divided into three sections:
- Section 1: Distribution of Wealth
- Section 2: Globalization and Regional Integration
- Section 3: The Consequences of Development
- Provide a synthesis of these three sections: Part A
Latin America is a part of the world that is mainly associated with coffee and chocolate as well as ancient civilization conquered by the Spaniards. However, not many realize that the countries situated in the region experience a lot of problems and transformations of their economy and social sphere. Most are aware since it was colonized just as Canada. In this term, the aspects that Latin America has challenged and faced during the last several centuries have been examined during the module, particularly focusing on the agricultural role of the countries and the influence on the division of the social layers, the impact on environmental and health problems, the cause of migration, and fight for women’s rights. See above. The assignments clearly identifies three broad themes.
To begin with, the region was considered as a place of diverse agricultural resources. In essence, suitable environmental conditions accompanied with cheap labor attracted plenty of experienced and flourishing landowners. The land was stolen and the owners enslaved. Moreover, the Canadian government established high demands to work conditions that could be neglected in the poor Latin American states. This makes no sense. Thus, it resulted in the separation of landowners and peasants providing the former considerable privileges. This was done by military conquests. Meanwhile, the latter suffered from poor living conditions, lack of proper food, and exhausting daily work. Although Canada experienced the same problems, government was aimed at decaying the gap between the rich and the poor. You are confused. First Nations in Canada suffer as much. On the contrary, it was profitable for landowners in Latin American. Consequently, disparaging attitude to the foreign natural resources launched the process of their devastation, which is obvious nowadays. Moreover, changes in nature and poor working conditions resulted in worsening of the inhabitants’ health.
Furthermore, economic factors directly influenced such social issues as migration and the struggle for women’s rights. In particular, both processes were the natural outcomes of industrialization. Considering migration, it occurred on internal and external levels. Similar to Canada, people moved to the urban areas seeking for well-paid job and better living conditions for them and their families that were provided in large cities.Nevertheless, others left their native countries seeking for better life in the USA or Canada. Eventually, the illiterate number of women commenced to gradually decrease, directly affecting the birth rate (Green and Branford 178). Basic education and opportunity to find proper employment motivated and empowered women to arrange their lives and control the number of children they bear as well as decrease home abuse.
In conclusion, Latin America was an attractive region for and other businessmen because of the rich natural resources, flourishing agriculture, and cheap labor. As such, it resulted in the adverse impact on the environments. However, the process launched urbanization, separation of the rich and the poor, and the struggle for women’s rights. You totally miss the intent of the module. 12/30
Part B: Explain how the process of industrialization in Latin America has created environmental problems
Latin America is situated in the area rich in minerals, fertile soil, hydrological resources, solar energy, biodiversity, and biomass.Most of it was stolen and used up by the imperial powers. Per capita, not much is left today. Due to such flourishing nature, it attracted plenty of businessmen from around the world, and especially from North America, focusing on the establishment of the international manufactures and engagement of the national work force.Separate those who invaded, conquered and stole with those who provide business investment. As such, the devastating attitude toward the environment caused contamination of air, soil and water. All developments destroy the natural environment. Provide comparative data. Thus, an immense industrialization it is less industrialized than the US or Western Europe. occurred in the region during the last several decades created the problems with the air emission because of the growth of the urban population, deforestation aimed at the enlargement of areas used with agriculture or industrial purpose, and the old means to cultivate the lands. How does it compare with China or England during their industrializations?
Primarily, industrialization is closely connected with intensive urbanization in Latin America.in every country in the World. “After 60 years of chaotic but rapid urban development, four-fifths of its population now lives towns and cities, a prey for to all the ills of modernity and globalization” (Paranagua). Is this more or less than other developed economies? These factors have adversely affected the condition of the air resulting in its pollution. Since the majority of the population resides the areas close to industrialized regions, people frequently use cheap vehicles to get to work, experiencing greater exposure to air contamination. In fact, the number of cars which is run on unleaded gasoline, is considerably low. Moreover, the low rate of use of unleaded gasoline depends on its price. In addition, the wide implementation of stoves for cooking exposes to considerable rate of air pollution because plenty of them have been constructed to reduce fuel wood usage and exposure to smoke. Therefore, the emission of the toxic agents boosts respiratory health problem, especially asthma. “Cities […] will need to improve their planning processes, upgrade the technical and managerial competencies of their staffs, and experiment with alternative sources of finance” (“Urbanization in Latin America” 8). As such, the poverty among the population, the old industrial techniques, and improper management result in considerable emission of dangerous and destructive agents and air pollution.
Furthermore, deforestation is another factor caused by the intensive industrialization, which have a negative influence on environment. You need to cut down trees to create cities. As a matter of fact, large territories of tropical forests, which cover Latin America, are the obstacles for enterprises. In particular, trees are the obstacles that prevent from building roads and expanding areas of factories and plants. Moreover, such countries as Guatemala, Honduras, Bolivia, Venezuela, Ecuador, and Mexico have high rate of population, but rather low level of incomes because of the usage of the old equipment with industrial purpose, which are covered neither in domestic nor in foreign market. Poverty is caused by low per capita resources. Opposite of what you claimed at the beginning. Thus, bad living conditions and the desire to attain swift income lead to cutting down trees aimed at using this area with agricultural purpose. Not unlike Canada using pipelines and dirty oil. According to Solbrig, “The use of these forest lands as timber resources, for growing tropical products, or for crop agriculture or cattle grazing can help alleviate poverty.” Nevertheless, the ecological harm to environment is neglected. For this reason, deforestation of the large territories is aimed at economic benefits in spite of its devastating impact on nature.
Finally yet importantly, the industrialization in developing countries has not boosted and applied the global innovative advancement in this field, expand on this, initially, all countries industrialize with heavy industry and dirty coal, leaving Latin American region without the improved technologies of the cultivation of the lands. For this reason, the ground in these areas experiences significant environmental problems. Soil degradation is caused mainly by the fact of the prompt increase of profit. Farmers plant a lot neglecting the alteration of the agricultural plants. “From an environmental point of view, the deterioration in the Latin American region seems to be increasing” (Gallopin 274) because the landowners’ desire to enlarge the amount of products results in the implementation of pesticides with the following outcomes. Meanwhile, the organic matter considerably decays during the years of the intensive exploitation of the lands. “The constant agronomic use of the land decreases the carbon content in the soil” (Alvarez and Polti 9). Therefore, the unreasonable exploitation of the lands aimed at the increase of the profit makes a devastating influence on the environment.
In conclusion, Latin America is a region of the enormous natural resources. No. you are being inconsistent. They have low per capita resources compared to Canada. The industrialization, which appeared on these territories, resulted in air pollution, deforestation, and soil degradation. True in every country. Compare. The exhaustion of the environment caused by the old and ineffective means and technologies is closely linked to the social problems in the Latin American countries. It is caused by poverty and low per capita resources and low wages. Overall, the improvement of the distinct spheres of the economic life as well as raise of incomes and living standards in the future may facilitate the preservation of nature.
You miss the point of the essay. Firstly, recognize that no country has removed poverty without industrialization. Take environmental damage as a given and provide objective measures of how much environmental damage has been done relative to growth in jobs and incomes. Is Latin America doing a better or worse job compared to other countries like Canada, England, China etc.?
You need to explain industrialization, when it took place, how it took place, its benefits and then its costs on the environment. By jumping to its impact on the environment you are ignoring the poverty, diseases and deaths which would occur from starvation and lack of jobs without industrialization.
It creates more jobs than it destroys. Without industrialization the exploding rural population of Latin America would have no jobs and no way to feed their families.
Environmental damage is more of an issue for the entire world and especially for rich countries like Canada not countries where people are dying of starvation. 55/70
Works Cited
Alvarez, Analia and Marta Alejandra Polti. Bioremediation in Latin America: Current Research and Perspectives. Springer, 2014.
Gabaldon, Arnold J. “Sustainable Development in Latin America and the Caribbean: Perspectives and Future.” EOLSS, n.d., https://www.eolss.net/sample-chapters/C16/E1-58-50.pdf. Accessed 19 Feb. 2018.
Gallopin, Gilberto C. “The Environmental Impact of Globalization on Latin America: A Prospective Approach.” Managing Human-Dominated Ecosystem, 2001, http://p-i-r.org/pdfs/papers/182.pdf. Accessed 19 Feb. 2018.
Green, D. and Sue Branford. Faces of Latin America, 4th ed. Monthly Review Press, 2013.
Guillermo, Castro H. “The Environmental Crisis in Latin America.” Oxford Research Encyclopedia, 2015, http://latinamericanhistory.oxfordre.com/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780199366439.001.0001/acrefore-9780199366439-e-60. Accessed 19 Feb. 2018.
Paranagua, Paula A. “Latin America Struggles to Copy with Record Urban Growth.” The Guardian, 2012, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/sep/11/latin-america-urbanisation-city-growth. Accessed 19 Feb. 2018.
Solbig, Otto T. “The Environmental Agenda in Latin America: The Issue of the 21st Century.” ReVista: Harvard Review of Latin America, n.d., https://revista.drclas.harvard.edu/book/environmental-agenda-latin-america. Accessed 19 Feb. 2018.
“Urbanization in Latin America and the Caribbean: Trends and Challenges.”USAid, 2010, http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/Pnadu384.pdf. Accessed 19 Feb. 2018.
What Students Are Saying About Us
.......... Customer ID: 12*** | Rating: ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐"Honestly, I was afraid to send my paper to you, but splendidwritings.com proved they are a trustworthy service. My essay was done in less than a day, and I received a brilliant piece. I didn’t even believe it was my essay at first 🙂 Great job, thank you!"
.......... Customer ID: 14***| Rating: ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
"The company has some nice prices and good content. I ordered a term paper here and got a very good one. I'll keep ordering from this website."
