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(There are 4 parts to this assignment each part needs a small paragraph discussing about each assignment.)1.Plain Touch Doctrine CJ 3 PInstructionsFor your assignment, prepare a three-page training memo, citing a minimum of two academically verified sources, to be distributed to rookie officers in your department during their training regarding proper criminal procedure with respect to the plain touch doctrine.In your memo:Articulate legally compliant procedural steps for a criminal justice practitioner in a situation involving the plain touch doctrine. Explain classification of the plain touch doctrine as reasonable or unreasonable for a criminal justice professional. Examine whether the plain touch doctrine is a threat to 4th Amendment protections. Describe the implications of officers being able to manipulate objects that can be readily felt.Be sure to review the Plain Touch Doctrine Scoring Guide to ensure you understand the criteria for this assignment.RequirementsYour memo should meet the following requirements:Written communication: Must be free of errors that detract from the overall message. References: A minimum of two references. APA format: Format resources and citations as per current APA style and formatting guidelines. Length of memo: Three pages, not including the title page and the references page. Font and font size: Times New Roman, 12 point.ReferenceMinnesota v. Dickerson, (91-2019) 508 US 366 (1993).2.Arrests and SearchesCJ 3 DInstructionsIn your main post:IN THE UNITED STATE Explore justifications for each of the things an officer is allowed to do after an arrest without the need for a warrant. Establish how certain actions go beyond what you would consider to be acceptable were you the arrestee. Lay out measures to ensure compliance with legal parameters when working in the criminal justice field. Establish how courts have interpreted the parameters involved in a search after an arrest, incorporating two cases as points of reference.3.Canine SearchesCJ 4 DIntroductionCertain circumstances must exist for a search to be constitutional. For example, contemporaneous searches must occur at the time as, or very close in time and place to, the arrest. Searches citing exigent circumstances may involve some kind of an emergency that makes getting a search warrant impractical, useless, dangerous, or unnecessary. There is generally a reasonable expectation of privacy that exists when a person exhibits an actual expectation of privacy, and the expectation is one that society is prepared to recognize as reasonable. That aside, the U.S. Supreme Court held in United States v. Place, that there is no search within the meaning of the 4th Amendment if police use narcotics detection dogs to smell closed containers for drugs, as long as police are on the premises legally.InstructionsConsider that there is no need for a search warrant or for probable cause to conduct dog sniffs.In your main post:Express your position on the Court’s decision in United States v. Place, using an additional case to support your opinion. Describe the constitutional requirements that apply, or do not apply, in canine searches. Differentiate between the constitutionality of canine searches versus other searches that require probable cause.ReferenceUnited States v. Place, (81-1617) 462 US 696 (1983).4.Student Drug Testing CJ 4 D Drug testing elementary and high school students taking part in athletics and other school programs is valid. In the case Vernonia School District 47J v. Acton (1995), the Court upheld random drug testing of high school athletes. In the subsequent case Board of Education of Independent School District No. 92 of Pottawatomie County et al. v. Earls (2002), the Court extended that ruling to middle and high school students participating in any extracurricular activity.InstructionsLocate a case dealing with random drug testing of elementary or high school students.In your main post:Explore the Court’s reasoning that drug testing is a minimal intrusion to students. Assess whether the interests of the government in this line of cases are important enough to override the individual privacy protection. Articulate whether you, as a criminal justice professional, believe these rulings should also extend to college students. Discussion ObjectivesThe competencies addressed in this discussion are supported by discussion objectives, as follows:Competency 1: Articulate how the rules of criminal procedure apply to a criminal justice practitioner.Assess whether government interests are important enough to override individual privacy protections. Articulate whether elementary and high school search rulings should apply to college students.Competency 3: Apply the 4th, 5th, and 6th Amendments in a criminal justice context. Explore the Court’s reasoning that drug testing is a minimal intrusion to students.ReferencesVernonia School District 47J v. Acton, (94-590), 515 US 646 (1995).Board of Education of Independent School District No. 92 of Pottawatomie County et al. v. Earls, (01-332) 536 US 822 (2002).
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