The reasons to exclude people that are different from main stream in work organizations can be
1. The feeling of discrimination human exhibit based on race, sex, age or other factors of discrimination. Some people show the discrimination openly and are conscious about their actions while others may not be conscious about their discriminating mentality but their actions shows it. The people in the top management with this mentality do not allow the people from other streams to reach the positions that have power and influence. For example some of the mainstream people show discrimination based on race. They cannot tolerate people from other race taking the positions involving power and influence. If the person from different race applies for the position they try to exclude them and include mainstream people knowingly or unknowingly.
2. Second reason can be the economic self interest of people in mainstream who try to make personal benefit by excluding women and other minorities. When the people different from main stream are also included in competition to reach the positions involving power and influence, the competition becomes tight for the main stream people. Hence sometimes the mainstream people try to avoid those people to make personal benefit and increase their chances.
3. The third reason can be the sense of discomfort mainstream people feels to work with those different from mainstream. The mainstream people who feel comfortable with people who share same characteristics try to avoid the different stream people. For example men mostly prefer to work along with men in positions of power as they can discuss everything without any discomfort while some men may not be comfortable to work with women. This discomfort makes them to choose men only for the position of power and influence excluding women.
These factors prevent the entry of people different from main stream to enter the top positions. The textbook Managing Diversity: Toward a Globally Inclusive Workplace supports these factors.
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